Lu Liu

Lu Liu (刘璐)

PhD Candidate in Computer Science and Engineering

the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST)

About Me

I am a final-year PhD candidate in Computer Science and Engineering at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), supervised by Prof. Shing-Chi Cheung and co-supervised by Prof. Yepang Liu (from SUSTech). Prior to joining HKUST, I received my B.E. in Computer Science from Wuhan University.

My research focuses on enhancing the security and reliability of decentralized systems. To achieve this, I leverage techniques at the intersection of AI and Software Engineering (AI4SE), focusing on quality assurance for blockchain applications and the automated detection of smart contract vulnerabilities. My work applies methods from quality/quantitative analysis, program analysis, and large language model to make the blockchain ecosystem safer.

I am actively on the 2025-2026 job market for an Industry Research Scientist position in AI4SE, blockchain security, AI for blockchain and smart contract analysis. Please feel free to review my CV and get in touch.

Research

My research interests include:

  • AI for Software Engineering (AI4SE): Applying AI techniques to improve software engineering practices.
  • Smart Contract Security: Detecting vulnerabilities in blockchain-based smart contracts.
  • Quality Assurance: Ensuring the reliability and security of blockchain-related applications.

Research Experience

Price Manipulation Detection

Detecting Price Manipulation Vulnerabilities in DeFi Smart Contracts

Developed PMDetector, a hybrid framework that integrates static taint analysis with Large Language Model (LLM) reasoning for detecting price manipulation vulnerabilities in DeFi smart contracts.

Introduced a formal attack model to guide the detection pipeline, enabling precise analysis of complex economic logic and defense mechanisms within smart contracts.

A research paper has been submitted to a top-tier venue and is currently under review.

CBDC Project

CBDC Unified Ledge White Paper Project

Assisted with writing the white paper for the Hong Kong Monetary Authority's Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) Unified Ledger.

Participated in project discussions and reviewed technical implementations to provide suggestions for the CBDC system development.

Front-Running Vulnerabilities

Attack Mining and Detecting Front-Running Vulnerabilities in Smart Contracts

Proposed an automated vulnerability localization approach to localize code snippets in smart contracts that enable front-running attacks and created a real-world attacks benchmark.

Formalized the definition of exploitable front-running vulnerabilities and proposed a static analyzer Nyx for detecting them.

Published 2 co-authored papers in top-tier (CORE A*) venues.

Transaction-reverting Faults

Characterizing and Evaluating Transaction-reverting Faults in Smart Contracts

Examined the prevalence and security impacts of transaction-reverting statements and faults in Ethereum smart contracts.

Evaluated state-of-the-art smart contract security testing tools to identify their limitations.

Published 2 first-author papers in top-tier (CORE A*) venues.

Publications

Towards Detecting Price Manipulation Vulnerabilities in DeFi Ecosystems

Lu Liu, Wuqi Zhang, Lili Wei, Hao Guan, Yongqiang Tian, Yepang Liu, Shing-Chi Cheung

Submitted to a top-tier venue

On State Reverting in Solidity Smart Contracts: Developer Practices, Fault Categorization, and Tool Evaluation

Lu Liu, Lili Wei, Wuqi Zhang, Shuqing Li, Yifan Zhou, Yepang Liu, Shing-Chi Cheung, Michael R. Lyu

Empirical Software Engineering (EMSE), 2024

Nyx: Detecting Exploitable Front-Running Vulnerabilities in Smart Contracts

Wuqi Zhang, Zhuo Zhang, Qingkai Shi, Lu Liu, Lili Wei, Yepang Liu, Xiangyu Zhang, Shing-Chi Cheung

IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2023

Combatting Front-Running in Smart Contracts: Attack Mining, Benchmark Construction and Vulnerability Detector Evaluation

Wuqi Zhang, Lili Wei, Shing-Chi Cheung, Yepang Liu, Shuqing Li, Lu Liu, Michael R. Lyu

IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering (TSE), 2023

Characterizing Transaction-Reverting Statements in Ethereum Smart Contracts

Lu Liu, Lili Wei, Wuqi Zhang, Ming Wen, Yepang Liu, Shing-Chi Cheung

IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE), 2021

Curriculum Vitae

You can download my CV here.

Education

Sep 2019 - Present

Ph.D. in Computer Science and Engineering

the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong

Sep 2015 - Jul 2019

B.E. in Computer Science

Wuhan University, Wuhan

Teaching Experience

Spring 2023

Teaching Assistant

HKUST

Course: COMP 3111 Software Engineering

Fall 2022

Teaching Assistant

HKUST

Course: COMP 4431 Multimedia Computing

Service

2024-2025

Conference and Journal Reviewer

  • ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM) 2024
  • International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE) ARTIFACT 2024
  • ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis (ISSTA) ARTIFACT 2025

Awards and Honors

2023

Overseas Research Award

2019-2023

Hong Kong Postgraduate Scholarship

2019

Outstanding Graduates of Wuhan University

2018

China National Scholarship

2016-2018

First Prize Scholarship of Wuhan University